Refractory lining support for home heating units



Dec 8, 1936. J. E. MEES I v 2906372511 v REFRACTORY LINING SUPPORT FOR HOME HEATING UNITS Filed March 2, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet l l# I ll llllll Smaentor Dec. 8, H936.

J. E. MEES REFRACTORY LINING SUPPORT FOR HOME HEATING UNITS Filed March 2, 1956 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 3nventor ED M5550 Patented Dec. 8, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT orrlce Jay Edward Mees, Merion, Pa., aasignor of onehalf to John Wilson Corriston, Springfield, Pa.

..Application March 2, 1936, Serial No. 66,516

Claims.

This invention relates to heating units such as are commonly employed for home heating purposes and is concerned primarily with that type 5 of heating unit which consumes liquid or gaseous fuel."

Today the practice of heating an ordinary home, and similar places, by a heating unit which avails of an oil burner as a source of heat sup-' 20 ing units are, in a larger; number of instances,

designed for use with hot water or steam heat ing systems and this invention is directly tied up with heating systems of this character.

From their very nature, hot water and steam 25 heating systems require that the heating unit function by having the heat of the fuel consumed transferred to a heating medium which, in the first instance is ,always water. The old type furnace ordinarily includes a water jacket above 9 the location of the fire pot which is installed and there have -been proposed ,certain constructions in which the walls of the fire pot are tubular in character so that water may circulate thereabout to more efiiciently conduct the heat from 35 the point of fuel consumption, and in new installations, the water circulatory system has been carried down about the pointof fuel consumption to this same end of efficiency.

It has been found. however, in actual practice, that in these latter cases it is necessary to cover the inner walls of the tubular parts defining the water circulatory system by a refractory material due to the close proximity of these walls to the point of fuel consumption. Hereto fore, it has been necessary to make such refractory protective coatings very thin due to the necessity of providing for the conductivity of the heat to the water in the circulatory system.

With the foregoing conditions in mind, this invention has in view, as an important objective, the provision of a heating unit of the character .above described in which the walls about the point of fuel consumption are protected by a refractory lining which is supported in position by metallic supporting members or studs which outstand from the walls about the point of fuel consumption through the refractory material. When such an arrangement is employed, the studs are effective not only to providea highly efilcient support for the refractory lining to pro- 6 long the service life of same, but also constitutes a means for conducting heat to the water in the jacketed walls about the point of fuel consump-- tion.

The refractory also conducts heat to the water 10 in the walls, provides a means of heat storage and also affords a radiant-surface which transfers heat back into the furnace gases. These features in proper combination are known to result in greatest economy of fuel.

Ordinarily, refractory materials are not good conductors of heat whereas the metal studs are, and it is, therefore, practical to employ a thicker refractory lining than has heretofore been permissible.

Inasmuch as this invention proposes the provision of a refractory lining support which insures of adequate and complete coverage and protection for the walls about the point of fuel consumption, another objective in view is the provision of a fire pot unit designed for converting ordinary furnaces to oil burninguse and which fire pot unit is of a highly simplified construction. In carrying this idea out in a practical embodiment, the fire pot is defined by a double shell wall, the shells of which are spaced apart to provide for the circulation of water therebetween. Such a double shell construction is not only of a more simple nature than thetubular constructions now available to the public, but is also advantageous in that it provides for a full and more complete circulation of the water about the point of fuel consumption.

The invention also has in view, as an objective, the provision of a heating unit including a double shell bottom which is disposed beneath the point of fuel consumption'and the inner wall of which is protected by a refractory lining which is maintained in position by metallic supporting members or studs which upstand from the bottom through the refractory material.

Other more detailed objects and advantages which are associated with the carrying out of the above noted thoughts in a practical embodiment will in part become apparent and in part be hereinafter stated as the description of the invention proceeds.

The invention therefore comprises a heating unit designed for home use and which consumes liquid or gaseous fuel. The heating unit includes.

a are pot about the point of fuel consumption refractory lining indicated at 2|. This refracwhich is defined by a double shell wall through which water circulates and the inner wall of which is protected by a refractory lining supp'orted in position by metallic studs which extend inwardly from the inner wall through the refractory material. The invention also embraces heating units which are new installations designed for oil burning, the walls about the point of fuel consumption being protected by a refractory lining supported in position in the manner above outlined.

For a full and more complete understanding of the invention, reference may be had to the following description and accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a side view, partly in section and partly in elevation, of an ordinary furnace which has been converted for use with an oil burner, the fire pot unit being shown in section;

Figure 2 is an enlarged detailed view in section of a portion of the double shell wall defining the fire pot;

Figure 3 is a detailed view in perspective of a fire potunit which is installed as such; and Figure 4 is a perspective view, parts being broken away and shown in section, of a new installation designed for oil burning.

Referring now to the drawings, wherein like reference characters denote corresponding parts, a conventional furnace construction is shown in Figure 1 and designated A. The upper part of the furnace A includes a water jacket designated I0 through which the water which is heated by the consumption of fuel circulates. The lower part of the furnace A is enlarged in diametrical dimension, as indicated at I I, and in this enlarged portion II is located a fire pot unit which converts the furnace A for use with an oil burner. This fire pot unit is referred to in its entirety by the reference character B.

The fire pot unit B is defined by a double shell wall construction comprising an outer wall l2 and an irmer wall I3, the walls I2 and I3 being spaced apart and connected by a ring-like wall portion I4 which may be integral with the walls I2 and I3 as shown in Figure 1.

The bottom of the fire pot unit B is also of a double shell construction, being defined by an outer bottom wall I5 and an inner bottom wall I6, which bottom walls I5 and I6 may be integral with the walls I2 and I3 as shown in the drawings.

A water inlet for the fire pot unit B is shown at I1 and an outlet at I8 whichis placed in conductive communication with the water jacket ill of the furnace A by a connection shown at IS. A water outlet for the water jacket II) is designated 20 and this outlet conducts the heated water to the heating system which is employed in conJunction with the furnace A.

The inner walls I3 and I6 are protected by a tory lining 2I is preferably applied in a plastic state to the respective walls I3 and I6 and is held in position on these walls by metallic studs 22 which outstand therefrom.

Referring now more particularly to Figure 2,

these metallic studs 22 are shown as being an-.

chored on the wall I3 as by welding at 23. Obviously, the invention is not to be limited in this respect, however, as any approved means of anchoring the studs to the walls may be employed. This invention also contemplates a construction at their upper edges in which the inner walls of the fire pot unit B have the studs 22 formed integral therewith.

The fire pot unit B is formed with an opening at 24 through which the connections (not shown) of the oil burner pass and this opening finds its counterpart in the opening 25 of the wall II of the furnace A. The heating unit B is installed in the furnace A to convert it to oil burning use.

The consumption of fuel takes place in the fire pot B and the walls I3 and I6 are covered and protected from the great heat created at this point by the refractory lining 2i. At the same time, this heat is effectively conducted to the water between the walls I2 and I3, I5 and I6, by the metallic studs 22 and the refractory 2 I. Due to this conduction of the heat, it is feasible to make the refractory lining 2| sufficiently thick to provide for a long service life thereof.

Ordinarily, the various walls of the heating unit 13 will be made from steel, but the invention is not to be limited in this respect as, obviously, other materials could be used. Likewise, the studs 22 could be made from any suitable material, such as steel.

Referring now more particularly to Figure 4,

an installation which is complete in itself and which is designed for oil burning use is shown and referred to by the reference character C.- This installation C may be made up of a plurality of sections 26 which are maintained in assembled relation by a tie-rod connection which is located in the groove shown at 21. Each of the sections 26 shown in Figure 4, this refractory lining 3i has been extended upwardly a distance proportionate to the height of the fire pot B.

The unit C is formed with an opening at 32' through which the connections to the oil burner pass, and provision is made at 33 for a flue connection. The installation C functions in much the same manner as the fire pot unit B with the studs assisting in conducting the heat provided by fuel consumption to the water located .between the spaced walls 28 and 29.

While preferred specific embodiments of the invention are hereinbefore set forth, it is tobe clearly understood that I am not to be limited to the exact constructions illustrated and described because various modifications of these details may be provided in putting the invention into practice within the purview of the appended claims.

I claim:--

1. -In a, home heating unit of the character described, a double shell wall structure about the zone of fuel combustion, said wall structure comprising inner and outer walls, metallic studs outstanding inwardly from the inner wall, and a refractory lining on said inner wall maintained and supported in position by said studs.

2. In a home heating unit of the character described, a double shell bottom disposed beneath the zone of fuel combustion and comprising inner and outer walls, metallic studs extending upwardly from the inner wall, and a refractory lining on the inner face of said inner wall maintained and supported in positionby said studs.

3. A fire pot for use with home heating units defining the zoneof fuel combustion and comprising an inner wall, an outer wall spaced from the inner wall to provide for the circulation of water therebetween, metallic studs anchored to the inner face of said inner wall and outstanding inwardly therefrom, and a refractory lining on the inner face of the inner wall about said studs.

4. A home heating unit designed for the consumption of fuel oil or gas comprising vertically extending inner and outer walls spaced apart, a bottom defined by inner and outer walls also spaced apart, said walls and bottom defining the zone of fuel combustion, metallic studs extending inwardly from the inner faces of said inner walls, and a refractory lining maintained and supported in position on said inner walls by the said metallic studs.

5. A home heating unit designed for use with oil or gas burners comprising vertically extending inner and outer walls spaced apart to provide for the circulation of water therebetween, a bottom defined by inner and outer walls integrally connected with said vertically extending inner and outer walls, said walls and bottom defining the zone of fuel combustion, metallic studs outstanding from the inner faces of said inner walls'and a refractory lining on the inner faces of said inner walls maintained and supported in position by said metallic studs. v

- JAY EDWARD MEES. 

